63% vs 7%
were in the Google Maps top 3 for the exact search. 23 of the 24 were in the Maps top 20. Businesses in the same top 20 that no engine named reached the top 3 far less often.
Strongest for AI Mode
Let’s talk Research / Houston AI Citation Study / Four-engine consensus
What do the businesses that ChatGPT, Claude, Perplexity and Google AI Mode all recommend have in common? In our Houston study the four engines agreed on only 24 of 1,582 picks. We compared those 24 with the other businesses in the same Google Maps top 20 for the same service and city. Four things set them apart, all of them off the website: a top-3 spot in Google Maps (63% against 7% of businesses no engine named), a mention on two or more of the third-party sites the engines cited (21 of 24 against 29%), a place in Bing’s local results (75% against 23%) and a review count near the top of the market. None of the 44 website, schema and social checks we ran made a difference.
This is part of the Houston AI Citation Study, which asked 232 local questions to four AI engines. The factor test asked what makes a website get cited; this page asks what makes a business get named by every engine at once.
01 / Key findings
399 businesses in the Google Maps top 20 for 21 Houston searches: 24 named by all four engines, 109 named by one to three, and 266 never named. Each business was compared only with businesses in its own market.
were in the Google Maps top 3 for the exact search. 23 of the 24 were in the Maps top 20. Businesses in the same top 20 that no engine named reached the top 3 far less often.
Strongest for AI Modewere named on two or more of the third-party sites the engines cited. Birdeye, BestProsInTown, Expertise.com, vertical directories and local press. 29% of never-named businesses were.
Strongest for ChatGPT and Perplexityshowed up in Bing’s local results. 67% had a Yelp-rated listing there, against 17%. Their Yelp scores were ordinary: a median of 4.0 stars.
Strongest for Claudemedian Google reviews. Review volume separated the groups and star rating did not: the median was 4.8 stars in every group. Only 3 of the 24 had the most reviews in their market.
All four engineswebsite, schema and social checks separated them. LocalBusiness schema (52% against 56%), llms.txt, FAQ schema, word count and social links looked the same as their competitors’ sites.
All four enginesof consensus picks were still named a week later. When we asked the same questions again on November 6, picks that all four engines had agreed on held up far better than picks only one engine made.
ChatGPT, Claude, Perplexity02 / The scorecard
Share of businesses with each factor in each group, or the median for review counts.

| Signal | All four | 1–3 engines | Never named | Odds ratio (95% interval) | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Top 3 in Google Maps for the search | 63% | 26% | 7% | 15.8 (6.4 to 39.0) | Signal |
| Named on 2+ third-party sites the engines cited | 88% | 56% | 29% | 49.6 (10.9 to 226.6) | Signal |
| In Bing local results | 75% | 48% | 23% | 11.1 (3.9 to 31.5) | Signal |
| Yelp-rated listing (shown by Bing) | 67% | 38% | 17% | 14.6 (4.7 to 45.8) | Signal |
| Google reviews (median) | 767 | 392 | 196 | 2.5 (1.3 to 4.9) per SD | Signal |
| Top-3 Google review count in its market | 42% | 20% | 11% | 5.1 (2.0 to 12.6) | Signal |
| Address in the searched city | 96% | 89% | 68% | 16.1 (2.0 to 129.1) | Signal |
| Google rating 4.5 or higher | 88% | 83% | 84% | 1.5 (0.4 to 5.8) | No difference |
| LocalBusiness schema | 52% | 60% | 56% | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.3) | No difference |
| Specific schema type (Dentist, Plumber...) | 38% | 45% | 41% | 0.8 (0.3 to 2.3) | No difference |
| llms.txt file | 38% | 39% | 35% | 1.1 (0.4 to 3.1) | No difference |
| FAQ schema | 5% | 20% | 13% | 0.4 (0.1 to 2.8) | No difference |
| Links 3+ social profiles | 33% | 47% | 48% | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.9) | No difference |
| Meta description | 91% | 88% | 86% | 3.8 (0.5 to 29.2) | No difference |
| Wikidata item for the website | 17% | 11% | 11% | 1.6 (0.4 to 5.7) | No difference |
03 / The rough formula
All 399 businesses, grouped by how many of the four signals they had.
| Signals | Businesses | Named by at least one engine | Named by all four |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 of 4 | 151 | 13% | 2 (1.3%) |
| 1 of 4 | 136 | 30% | 0 (0.0%) |
| 2 of 4 | 72 | 56% | 7 (9.7%) |
| 3 of 4 | 29 | 76% | 10 (34.5%) |
| 4 of 4 | 11 | 91% | 5 (45.5%) |
04 / By engine
All four signals helped with every engine (p under 0.03), but the weight shifted the way each engine’s October sources predicted.
| Signal | Google AI Mode | ChatGPT | Claude | Perplexity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Top 3 in Google Maps | 7.2× | 3.8× | 6.0× | 5.2× |
| On 2+ cited third-party sites | 5.5× | 13.6× | 9.2× | 10.6× |
| In Bing local results | 4.0× | 6.1× | 6.5× | 4.1× |
| Yelp-rated listing (via Bing) | 3.6× | 5.6× | 7.1× | 4.6× |
| Top-3 review count in market | 3.1× | 3.5× | 2.1× | 2.9× |
| LocalBusiness schema | 1.2× | 1.3× | 1.1× | 1.4× |
| Wikidata item | 1.1× | 1.2× | 1.1× | 1.0× |
05 / Entity or listing?
A well-known name helps, but 13 of the 24 were not review or brand leaders in their market.
| Business | Market | Type | Maps | Google reviews | Review rank | Cited sites | Bing | Signals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S & B Plumbing | Plumber, Sugar Land | Entity | #1 | 1,702 | 1 | 3 | yes | 4 of 4 |
| Air Tech of Houston AC & Plumbing | HVAC, Houston | Entity | #1 | 6,674 | 3 | 4 | no | 3 of 4 |
| Joe I. Zaid & Associates | Injury lawyer, Pasadena | Entity | #1 | 1,285 | 2 | 5 | yes | 4 of 4 |
| Hugo's | Mexican restaurant, Houston | Entity | #1 | 4,223 | 5 | 6 | yes | 3 of 4 |
| Christian Brothers Automotive The Woodlands | Auto repair, The Woodlands | Entity | #2 | 1,825 | 2 | 2 | yes | 4 of 4 |
| Carmelo's Mexican Grill | Mexican restaurant, Sugar Land | Entity | #2 | 1,972 | 6 | 3 | yes | 3 of 4 |
| Sugar Land Pet Hospital | Veterinarian, Sugar Land | Entity | #2 | 759 | 2 | 4 | yes | 4 of 4 |
| The Original Ninfa's on Navigation | Mexican restaurant, Houston | Entity | #7 | 8,967 | 1 | 6 | yes | 3 of 4 |
| Michael Nugent DDS | Dentist, Pasadena | Entity | #16 | 994 | 2 | 2 | yes | 3 of 4 |
| Lupe Tortilla Mexican Restaurant | Mexican restaurant, Clear Lake | Entity | #19 | 3,506 | 2 | 2 | no | 2 of 4 |
| PurA Medical Aesthetics | Med spa, Houston | Entity | #20 | 893 | 2 | 6 | no | 2 of 4 |
| Repair One Tire & Auto | Auto repair, The Woodlands | Listing | #1 | 774 | 7 | 3 | yes | 3 of 4 |
| Daryl's Detailing | Car detailing, Humble | Listing | #1 | 90 | 4 | 4 | yes | 3 of 4 |
| Clear Lake Medical Spa | Med spa, Clear Lake | Listing | #1 | 136 | 12 | 2 | yes | 3 of 4 |
| Rejuvenation Laser Med Spa & Weight Loss Center | Med spa, Pasadena | Listing | #1 | 138 | 1 | 8 | yes | 4 of 4 |
| Mike's Plumbing | Plumber, The Woodlands | Listing | #2 | 64 | 12 | 2 | yes | 3 of 4 |
| VCA Animal Medical Center of Pasadena | Veterinarian, Pasadena | Listing | #2 | 603 | 8 | 1 | yes | 2 of 4 |
| Space City Gym | Gym, Humble | Listing | #3 | 323 | 7 | 2 | yes | 3 of 4 |
| Advanced Pet Care of Clear Lake | Veterinarian, Clear Lake | Listing | #3 | 190 | 15 | 2 | no | 2 of 4 |
| Hellhound Gym Reloaded | Gym, Humble | Lists | #5 | 113 | 9 | 1 | no | 0 of 4 |
| Life Time | Gym, The Woodlands | Lists | #13 | 323 | 7 | 2 | yes | 2 of 4 |
| Elite Medical Skin and Laser Center | Med spa, Spring | Lists | #13 | 431 | 4 | 4 | yes | 2 of 4 |
| Arnold & Itkin | Injury lawyer, Houston | Lists | #14 | 1,276 | 8 | 6 | yes | 2 of 4 |
| Clear Lake SEO (Dale Ogden) | SEO agency, Clear Lake | Lists | – | 19 | 12 | 0 | no | 0 of 4 |
06 / How stable?
Share of October picks each engine named again when asked the same question: minutes later (all 120 recommendation questions) and seven days later (the 21 consensus questions).
| Re-ask | ChatGPT | Claude | Perplexity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Minutes later: named by 1 in October | 40% | 63% | 80% |
| Minutes later: named by 2 in October | 66% | 74% | 84% |
| Minutes later: named by 3 in October | 73% | 77% | 86% |
| Minutes later: named by 4 (all) in October | 67% | 79% | 96% |
| 7 days later: named by 1 in October | 33% | 50% | 45% |
| 7 days later: named by 2-3 in October | 59% | 73% | 64% |
| 7 days later: named by 4 (all) in October | 71% | 79% | 79% |
07 / Seven more patterns
We went back to all 120 recommendation questions and the 399 businesses in these markets. Each pattern was checked for the most likely artifact, but they are follow-up findings: they were not part of the corrected 66-factor test.
| Maps position | Businesses | Named by at least one engine | Named by all four | Named by Google AI Mode |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | 21 | 76% | 38% | 67% |
| #2 | 20 | 70% | 25% | 40% |
| #3 | 20 | 65% | 10% | 40% |
| #4–5 | 40 | 55% | 2.5% | 25% |
| #6–10 | 100 | 35% | 1.0% | 15% |
| #11–20 | 197 | 16% | 3.0% | 5% |
| Position in the answer | Shared: AI Mode | Shared: Perplexity | Shared: ChatGPT | Shared: Claude | Kept: Perplexity | Kept: ChatGPT | Kept: Claude |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 51% | 55% | 52% | 48% | 96% | 64% | 82% |
| 2nd | 48% | 45% | 45% | 34% | 88% | 56% | 79% |
| 3rd | 34% | 40% | 38% | 30% | 84% | 46% | 74% |
| 4th–5th | 39% | 25% | 28% | 35% | 68% | 42% | 60% |
| 6th or later | – | 27% | 21% | 17% | 64% | 32% | 31% |
| Factors | Named by any engine | Named by all four |
|---|---|---|
| 44 website, schema and social checks | 0.50 (0.44 to 0.57) | 0.44 (0.33 to 0.54) |
| Link authority, domain age, Wikidata, chain, name | 0.56 (0.46 to 0.65) | 0.62 (0.50 to 0.73) |
| 7 Google Business Profile fields | 0.77 (0.69 to 0.85) | 0.86 (0.74 to 0.94) |
| The four signals | 0.77 (0.74 to 0.81) | 0.88 (0.78 to 0.95) |
| The four signals without lists | 0.73 (0.67 to 0.78) | 0.86 (0.76 to 0.94) |
| Everything off the website (11) | 0.80 (0.75 to 0.85) | 0.85 (0.71 to 0.97) |
| Off-site plus the website checks (55) | 0.77 (0.72 to 0.82) | 0.91 (0.83 to 0.96) |
08 / What to do
Steps 1 to 4 are the signals that set the consensus picks apart. Steps 5 to 7 keep you in the running and make the result measurable.
Skip, or put off, the advice that showed no difference here: llms.txt, FAQ schema, generic LocalBusiness schema, more social profiles and longer homepage copy. They may help other goals, but they did not separate the businesses all four engines named, and a model built on all 44 website checks could not pick the named business in a market it had not seen.
09 / Method
Every number on this page comes from the downloadable tables.
10 / Data & citation
Free to reuse with attribution under CC BY 4.0. Values for the 375 other businesses are not published.
Download the factor table (CSV)
Cite as: Rusic, A. (2026). What gets a business named by all four AI engines? Houston AI Citation Study follow-up, November 2026. Marketing & AI. https://marketingandai.com/research/houston-ai-citation-study/ai-engine-consensus/
11 / Embed
Free to republish under CC BY 4.0. The code below keeps the credit line that the license asks for.
Next / Your business
Check your site against the basics in about ten seconds, free, or book a 30-minute audit and we will show you where you stand on all four signals for your service and city.
Questions
In our November 2026 Houston study, the 24 businesses all four engines named usually had four things their competitors lacked: a top-3 spot in Google Maps for the search, mentions on two or more of the third-party sites the engines cite, a listing in Bing’s local results, and a review count near the top of their market. Businesses with all four were named by at least one engine 91% of the time.
Not in this study. LocalBusiness schema (52% of consensus picks against 56% of never-named competitors), llms.txt (38% against 35%), FAQ schema and social links showed no difference. They can help a website get cited as a source, but they did not separate the businesses every engine named.
Volume did and rating did not. Consensus picks had a median of 767 Google reviews against 196 for never-named businesses in the same markets, while the median rating was 4.8 stars in every group. Only 3 of the 24 had the most reviews in their market, so being above the market median mattered more than being the biggest.
Google AI Mode answers from Google Business Profiles, so Maps position mattered most there. ChatGPT and Perplexity leaned on directories and ranking sites, and Perplexity also cites business websites. Claude leaned on Yelp, citing it in 88 of 120 “best” answers in October.
Less stable than one check suggests. A week after the first answers, ChatGPT, Claude and Perplexity named 76% of the consensus picks again but only 43% of picks a single engine had made. Ask each question several times on different days before acting on the result.
Yes. In our Houston data an engine’s first pick was also named by another engine about half the time, against 17–27% for its sixth pick or later, and first picks were the most likely to survive a re-ask: minutes later Perplexity named its first pick again 96% of the time. Track the position you are named in, not just whether you are named.